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# Snake_ladder game using doubly linked list class Empty(Exception): """ Error attempting to access an element from an empty container.""" pass class DoublyLinkedBase: """Queue implementation using circularly linked list for storage.""" # -------------------------- nested Node class -------------------------- class _Node: """ Lightweight, nonpublic class for storing a doubly linked node. """ __slots__ = '_element', '_prev', '_next' # streamline memory usage def __init__(self, element, prev, next): # initialize node’s fields self._element = element # reference to user’s element self._prev = prev # previous node reference self._next = next # next node reference # ------------------------------- methods ------------------------------- def __init__(self): """ Create an empty list.""" self._header = self._Node(None, None, None) self._trailer = self._Node(None, None, None) self._header._next = self._trailer # trailer is after header self._trailer._prev = self._header # header is before trailer self._size = 0 # number of elements def __len__(self): """Return the number of elements in the list.""" return self._size def is_empty(self): """Return True if list is empty.""" return self._size == 0 def insert_between(self, e, predecessor, successor): """Add element e between two existing nodes and return new node.""" newest = self._Node(e, predecessor, successor) # linked to neighbors predecessor._next = newest successor._prev = newest self._size += 1 return newest def delete_node(self, node): """ Delete nonsentinel node from the list and return its element.""" predecessor = node._prev successor = node._next predecessor._next = successor successor._prev = predecessor self._size -= 1 element = node._element # record deleted element node._prev = node._next = node._element = None # deprecate node return element # return deleted element def display_board(self): current = self._header._next while current != self._trailer: print(current._element, end=" ") current = current._next print() def dice_roll_sequance(self, case): # not a random sequance if case == 1: self._dice_seq = [1, 5, 3] # 84 self.move_() print("case %d, ans = 84" % case) if case == 2: self._dice_seq = [4, 3, 6, 1] # 38 self.move_() print("case %d, ans = 38" % case) if case == 3: self._dice_seq = [5, 2, 6, 6, 3, 6, 5, 5] # 100 win self.move_() print("case %d, ans = 100 win" % case) if case == 4: self._dice_seq = [5, 2, 6, 6, 3, 6, 5, 1] # 61 self.move_() print("case %d, ans = 61 " % case) if case == 5: self._dice_seq = [5, 2, 6, 6, 3, 6, 5, 6] # 95 self.move_() print("case %d, ans = 95" % case) if case == 6: self._dice_seq = [1] # 38 self.move_() print("case %d, ans = 38" % case) if case == 7: self._dice_seq = [6, 1, 2] # 5 self.move_() print("case %d, ans = 5" % case) if case == 8: self._dice_seq = [6, 1, 2, 3] # 31 self.move_() print("case %d, ans = 31" % case) if case == 9: self._dice_seq = [1, 6, 6, 1, 6, 2] # 99 self.move_() print("case %d, ans =99" % case) def inistialize_board(self): for i in range(1, 101): if i == 2: self.insert_last(i, 36) elif i == 8: self.insert_last(i, 23) elif i == 17: self.insert_last(i, 6) elif i == 21: self.insert_last(i, 21) elif i == 33: self.insert_last(i, -28) elif i == 46: self.insert_last(i, 38) elif i == 51: self.insert_last(i, 16) elif i == 54: self.insert_last(i, -20) elif i == 63: self.insert_last(i, -47) elif i == 69: self.insert_last(i, i + 2) elif i == 71: self.insert_last(i, 20) elif i == 75: self.insert_last(i, 5) elif i == 80: self.insert_last(i, 19) elif i == 93: self.insert_last(i, -19) elif i == 96: self.insert_last(i, 1) elif i == 97: self.insert_last(i, -36) else: self.insert_last(i, 0) def move_(self): current = self._header or self._trailer if current is not None: for roll in self._dice_seq: for _ in range(roll): if current._next is not None and current._next._element is not None and current._next != self._trailer: current = current._next print("Moved to square", current._element) else: break if current is not None and current != self._trailer: self._header = current print("Current position:", current._element) else: print("Current position: None") else: print("Current position: None") def check_win(self): return self._header._element == 100 # Add this method inside the DoublyLinkedBase class def insert_last(self, square_id, move_shift): current = self._header._next while current: if current._element == square_id: current._element += move_shift # Ensure the circular behavior if current._element > 100: current._element = 200 - current._element print("Moved to square", current._element) self._header = current return current = current._next # Main dirver dl = DoublyLinkedBase() dl.inistialize_board() dl.display_board() for i in range(1, 10): dl.dice_roll_sequance(i)
Apa yang saya coba:
Modifikasi apa yang saya lakukan agar tidak mencetak apa pun? (daftar tertaut kode)
hasil :
Current position: None case 1, ans = 84 Current position: None case 2, ans = 38 Current position: None case 3, ans = 100 win Current position: None case 4, ans = 61 Current position: None case 5, ans = 95 Current position: None case 6, ans = 38 Current position: None case 7, ans = 5 Current position: None case 8, ans = 31 Current position: None case 9, ans =99
Solusi 1
Pertama, mulailah dengan mencari tahu di mana ia mencetak “Posisi saat ini: Tidak Ada” – ada dua tempat yang secara eksplisit mencetaknya, dan satu tempat yang dapat mencetaknya jika penilai current._element
dulu None
. Anda dapat menggunakan debugger untuk menelusuri kode Anda dan mengetahuinya: pdb — Debugger Python — dokumentasi Python 3.12.1[^] akan membantu jika Anda tidak tahu cara menggunakannya.
Kemudian lihat mengapa sampai pada posisi tersebut, jalur apa yang harus diikuti dan mengapa. Apa yang menyebabkannya menjadi seperti itu? Variabel apa yang tidak mempunyai nilai yang diharapkan? Apa tujuan mereka; apa yang harus dikandungnya? Di mana seharusnya benda-benda tersebut dipasang? Mengapa tidak?
Ketika Anda mengetahui semua itu, seharusnya cukup jelas bagi pembuat kode tersebut (yaitu Anda) apa masalahnya dan Anda harus dapat memperbaikinya.
Namun menjalankan kode Anda dengan benar adalah bagian besar dari sebuah tugas, dan Anda tidak akan belajar cara memperbaiki kode yang rumit sampai Anda dapat memperbaiki kode sederhana seperti ini!
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